Question

Hypothyroidism is due to
A. High level of iodine in the diet
B. Enlargement of thyroid gland
C. Low levels of iodine in the diet
D. Increased levels of thyroxine

• A. A,B
• B. B, C
• C. C,D
• D. A,C

Hint:

Ensure adequate iodine intake in the diet to maintain normal thyroid function. Deficiency can lead to hypothyroidism and other health issues.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, primarily thyroxine. It can be caused by the following factors: - B. Enlargement of the thyroid gland (goiter) can be due to iodine deficiency, resulting in the body being unable to produce enough thyroid hormone. - C. Low levels of iodine in the diet is a primary cause of hypothyroidism, as iodine is necessary for thyroid hormone production. Thus, the correct answer is option (2) B, C.

Answer 2

Step 1: Understanding Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism is a medical condition in which the thyroid gland fails to produce enough thyroid hormones, particularly thyroxine (T4). This leads to a slow-down of the body’s metabolism and can cause fatigue, weight gain, and sensitivity to cold, among other symptoms.

Step 2: Role of Iodine in Thyroid Function
Iodine is a crucial mineral required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. A deficiency of iodine in the diet prevents the thyroid gland from producing sufficient hormones, leading to hypothyroidism. This is particularly common in regions where iodine-rich foods are scarce.

Step 3: Thyroid Gland Enlargement (Goitre)
When iodine levels are low, the thyroid gland tries to compensate by enlarging, a condition known as goitre. This enlargement is a physical sign that the gland is underactive and is trying to trap more iodine from the bloodstream. Hence, enlargement of the thyroid gland is both a symptom and a consequence of hypothyroidism.

Step 4: Incorrect Options
Option A is incorrect because a high level of iodine typically does not cause hypothyroidism; in fact, excessive iodine can sometimes lead to hyperthyroidism or thyroiditis. Option D is also incorrect because increased levels of thyroxine are associated with hyperthyroidism, not hypo-thyroidism.

Step 5: Conclusion
The correct options are B and C. Hypothyroidism is caused by low iodine levels in the diet and often results in enlargement of the thyroid gland (goitre) as a compensatory mechanism.