Question:

How many eggs are released by a human ovary in a month? How many eggs do you think would have been released if the mother gave birth to identical twins? Would your answer change if the twins born were fraternal?

Updated On: Oct 4, 2023
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Solution and Explanation

An ovary releases an egg every month. When two babies are produced in succession they are called twins. Generally twins are produced from a single egg by the separation of early blastomeres resulting from the first zygotic cleavage. As a result the young ones formed will have the same genetic make up and are thus called identical twins.
If the twins born are fraternal then they would have developed from two separate eggs. This happens when two eggs (one from each ovary) are released at the same time and get fertilized by two separate sperms. Hence the young ones developed will have separate genes and are therefore called non-identical or fraternal twins.
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Concepts Used:

Gametogenesis

The gametogenesis process includes the formation of reproductive cells or sex cells in living organisms. In plants, it is carried throughout mitosis whereas, in animals, it is carried through meiosis. The formation of male and female gametes are the two basic steps that take place during the gametogenesis process.

Based on the living organism, the process of gametogenesis occurs in:-

Plants: It occurs by the meiotic division of diploid gametocytes. In higher plants, it happens along with sporogenesis. 

Animals: It occurs by meiosis where gametes are formed from their diploid mother cells exist in organs called gonads. 

Stages of Gametogenesis

The gametogenesis process occurs in three steps. They are as follows;

  1. Mitotic divisions together with cell growth of precursor germ cells.
  2. The happening of Meiosis I and Meiosis II for producing haploid daughter cells.
  3. Metamorphose haploid daughter cells for the production of functional gametes.