How is a prokaryotic cell different from a eukaryotic cell?
Solution and Explanation
Prokaryotic Cell and Eukaryotic Cell
| Prokaryotic cell | Eukaryotic cell |
|---|---|
| Cell size is generally small (1 - 10 \(\mu\)m). | Cell is generally large (5 - 100 \(\mu\)m). |
| Nuclear region is called nucleoid and is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane. | Nuclear material is surrounded by a nuclear membrane. |
| Only a single chromosome is present. | More than one chromosome is present. |
| Nucleolus is absent. | Nucleolus is present. |
| Membrane bound cell organelles are absent. | Membrane bound cell organelles. |
| Cell division by fission or budding (no mitosis). | Cell division mitotic or meiotic. |
Top Questions on What is a Cell Made Up of? What is the Structural Organisation of a Cell?
- Which type of cell division is required for growth and repair of body and which type is involved in formation of gametes?
- CBSE Class IX
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- CBSE Class IX
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- What is a Cell Made Up of? What is the Structural Organisation of a Cell?
- Carry out the following osmosis experiment: Take four peeled potato halves and scoos each one out to make potato cups. One of these potato cups should be made from a boiled potato. Put each potato cup in a trough containing water. Now,
- Keep cup A empty
- Put one teaspoon sugar in cup B
- Put one teaspoon salt in cup C
- Put one teaspoon sugar in the boiled potato cup D. Keep these for two hours. Then observe the four potato cups and answer the following:
- Explain why water gathers in the hollowed portion of B and C.
- Why is potato A necessary for this experiment?
- Explain why water does not gather in the hollowed-out portions of A and D.
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- CBSE Class IX
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- What is a Cell Made Up of? What is the Structural Organisation of a Cell?
Questions Asked in CBSE Class IX exam
Use these adverbs to fill in the blanks in the sentences below.
awfully sorrowfully completely loftily carefully differently quickly nonchalantly(i) The report must be read ________ so that performance can be improved.
(ii) At the interview, Sameer answered our questions _________, shrugging his shoulders.
(iii) We all behave _________ when we are tired or hungry.
(iv) The teacher shook her head ________ when Ravi lied to her.
(v) I ________ forgot about it.
(vi) When I complimented Revathi on her success, she just smiled ________ and turned away.
(vii) The President of the Company is ________ busy and will not be able to meet you.
(viii) I finished my work ________ so that I could go out to play
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- The fun they had
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- CBSE Class IX
- The fun they had
- Discuss what these phrases mean to you.
(i) a yellow wood
(ii) it was grassy and wanted wear
(iii) the passing there
(iv) leaves no step had trodden black
(v) how way leads on to way- CBSE Class IX
- The fun they had
- Narrate two incidents that show how differences can be created, and also how they can be resolved. How can people change their attitudes?
- CBSE Class IX
- My childhood
- Calculate how many years and months ahead from now Margie’s diary entry is.
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Concepts Used:
Prokaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic cells are single-celled microorganisms known to be the earliest on earth. Prokaryotes include Bacteria and Archaea. The photosynthetic prokaryotes include cyanobacteria that perform photosynthesis.
A prokaryotic cell contains a single membrane and therefore, all the reactions occur within the cytoplasm. They can be free-living or parasites.
Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cell:
Prokaryotic cells have different characteristic features such as:
- Lack of a nuclear membrane.
- Absence of Mitochondria, Golgi bodies, chloroplast, and lysosomes.
- Presence of genetic material on a single chromosome.
- Lack of histone proteins in the constituents of eukaryotic chromosomes.
- The cell wall is made up of carbohydrates and amino acids.
- The plasma membrane acts as the mitochondrial membrane carrying respiratory enzymes.