Question

How has the legacy of Guru Nanak Dev’s teachings influenced the principles of Sikhism? Explain with examples.

Hint:

Guru Nanak’s legacy continues to shape Sikhism through the core principles of equality, service, devotion, and the oneness of God. These principles are reflected in daily Sikh practices like prayer, community service, and living a truthful life.

Answer 1

Guru Nanak Dev, the founder of Sikhism, laid the foundation of the Sikh faith with his teachings that emphasized the oneness of God, equality, and service to humanity. His principles became the cornerstone of Sikh philosophy, and they continue to influence the core beliefs and practices of Sikhism.
1. Oneness of God (Ik Onkar):
Guru Nanak's most fundamental teaching was the belief in a single, formless, and eternal God. He introduced the concept of "Ik Onkar," meaning "One God," emphasizing that God is present in all aspects of life and transcends any specific religious identity. This monotheistic principle not only shaped Sikh theology but also advocated tolerance towards other religions, promoting the idea that all paths lead to the same ultimate reality. For example, the Mul Mantra, the first verse in the Guru Granth Sahib, begins with this teaching of "Ik Onkar."
 2. Equality and Brotherhood:
Guru Nanak strongly opposed social divisions and emphasized the equality of all people, regardless of caste, gender, or religion. He broke the social barriers of his time by engaging with people from all walks of life. For instance, Guru Nanak's interactions with both Hindus and Muslims, and his rejection of caste distinctions, laid the foundation for the Sikh belief in social equality. This principle is seen in the Sikh practice of langar (community kitchen), where all people, regardless of social standing, sit together and share a meal. 
3. Service to Humanity (Seva):
Another key aspect of Guru Nanak’s teachings is the importance of selfless service (seva). Guru Nanak emphasized that serving others, particularly the marginalized, is a path to spiritual growth. This is reflected in the practice of langar, where Sikhs serve free food to anyone who comes, symbolizing their commitment to social service and the well-being of the community. Sikhs believe in contributing to society by helping those in need, embodying the concept of 'Sarbat da Bhala' (welfare of all). 
4. Honesty and Hard Work:
Guru Nanak Dev emphasized the importance of honest work (kirat karni) and earning a living through ethical means. He rejected the idea of asceticism, urging his followers to live a truthful life, work honestly, and share their earnings with others. The teachings of "Honest living" influenced Sikh principles of self-reliance, which are reflected in the Sikh way of life that promotes hard work, integrity, and the sharing of wealth. 5. Spiritual Practice and Devotion:
Guru Nanak emphasized the importance of devotion to God through regular remembrance (simran) and prayer (nam japna). He stressed that meditation on God’s name, the recitation of hymns, and a life of purity and devotion are essential for spiritual growth. The Guru Granth Sahib, the central scripture of Sikhism, encapsulates this practice of devotion and remains the guiding light for Sikhs.