How do biofertilisers enrich the fertility of the soil?
Solution and Explanation
Bio-fertilisers are living organisms which help in increasing the fertility of soil. It involves the selection of beneficial micro-organisms that help in improving plant growth through the supply of plant nutrients. These are introduced to seeds roots or soil to mobilize the availability of nutrients by their biological activity. Thus they are extremely benificial in enriching the soil with organic nutrients. Many species of bacteria and cyanobacteria have the ability to fix free atmospheric nitrogen. Rhizobium is a symbiotic bacteria found in the root nodules of leguminous plants. Azospirillium and Azotobocter are free living nitrogen-fixing bacteria whereas Anabena Nostoc and Oscillitoria are examples of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. Bio-fertilizers are cost effective and eco-friendly.
Top Questions on Microbes in human welfare
- Which vitamin is most susceptible to destruction during cooking?
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- Microbes in human welfare
- Assertion (A): Swiss cheese is characterized by large holes due to CO2 production.
Reason (R): It is ripened by growing a specific fungi.- CBSE CLASS XII - 2025
- Biology
- Microbes in human welfare
- Student to attempt either option (A) or (B): (A) Ravi lives in a village where he suggested to the local farmers to introduce a fungus as biofertilizer into their crop fields. State the benefits provided by the fungus to the crop.
OR
(B)- [(i)] How do secondary lymphoid organs provide immunity?
- [(ii)] Highlight the role of spleen as an organ that provides immunity.
- CBSE CLASS XII - 2025
- Biology
- Microbes in human welfare
- Assertion (A): Swiss cheese is characterized by large holes due to CO2 production.
Reason (R): It is ripened by growing a specific fungi.- CBSE CLASS XII - 2025
- Biology
- Microbes in human welfare
- Large scale industrial production of streptokinase for human welfare is done using the microbe:
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- Biology
- Microbes in human welfare
Questions Asked in CBSE CLASS XII exam
- (a) Find the point Q on the line \( \frac{2x + 4}{6} = \frac{y + 1}{2} = \frac{-2z + 6}{-4} \) at a distance of \( \frac{\sqrt{5}}{2} \) from the point \( P(1, 2, 3) \).
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- Coordinate Geometry
- For a positive constant \( a \), differentiate \( \left( t + \frac{1}{t} \right)^a \) with respect to \( t \), where \( t \) is a non-zero real number.
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- Differentiation
Complete and balance the following chemical equations: (a) \[ 2MnO_4^-(aq) + 10I^-(aq) + 16H^+(aq) \rightarrow \] (b) \[ Cr_2O_7^{2-}(aq) + 6Fe^{2+}(aq) + 14H^+(aq) \rightarrow \]
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- Redox Reactions
- Pulkit and Ravinder were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 2. Sikander was admitted as a new partner for \( \frac{1}{5} \)th share in the profits of the firm. Pulkit, Ravinder and Sikander decided to share future profits in the ratio of 2 : 2 : 1. Sikander brought Rs 5,00,000 as his capital and Rs 10,00,000 as his share of premium for goodwill. The amount of premium for goodwill that will be credited to the old partners' capital accounts will be :
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- What is the term used for the milk produced during the initial days of lactation?
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- human health and disease
Concepts Used:
Microbes in Human Welfare
There are several valuable microorganisms that are beneficial to humans in various manners such as:
In Household Products
- Fermentation of milk to produce yogurt.
- Milk cuddling to compose curd, cheese, and paneer.
In Industrial Products
- Production of beverages such as wine, beer, whiskey, brandy, or rum.
- Production of antibiotics such as Penicillin and other chemical substances to kill or retard the expansion of disease-causing microbes.
Fermented Beverages
- A fermentor is used to produce microbes on a large scale for industrial purposes.
- The brewer’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is used to make ethanol. At this time, the yeast ferments malted cereals and fruit juices.
Antibiotics
- The term antibiotic means “against life”. These materials can kill or destroy the growth of other microbes.