Question

Hess’s law states that a chemical reaction is independent of the route by which chemical reactions take place while keeping the same

• A. initial conditions only
• B. final conditions only
• C. mid-conditions
• D. initial and final conditions

Hint:

Hess’s law is widely used in thermochemistry to calculate enthalpy changes for reactions that are difficult to study directly.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding Hess’s Law
Hess’s law of constant heat summation states that the total enthalpy change of a reaction is the same, no matter what path the reaction takes, as long as the initial and final conditions are the same.
Step 2: The Law in Action
This law implies that the change in enthalpy is a state function, meaning it depends only on the initial and final states of the system, not on the path taken between them.
Step 3: Conclusion
Therefore, Hess’s law states that the chemical reaction's heat change is independent of the route, provided the initial and final conditions are the same.