Given Darwin's statements, which of the following should be expected?
Show Hint
- Humanity as it is today has reached its fixed state.
- There were no dogs at one time in the earth's history.
- Although we do not train bears as pets today, we may well in years to come.
- Ancient physics was completely worthless.
- Human beings will likely all die in a massive nuclear war.
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Question
The question asks for a logical consequence or expectation based on Darwin's theories as presented in the passage. The core of Darwin's theory mentioned is the "universal morphing of types," meaning species change and evolve over time.
Step 2: Applying Darwin's Theory to the Options
(A) Humanity as it is today has reached its fixed state: This contradicts Darwin's theory. Evolution is an ongoing process, so it's unlikely any species, including humans, has reached a final, "fixed" state.
(B) There were no dogs at one time in the earth's history: This is a direct consequence of evolution. If species "morph" over time, then the modern dog breed did not always exist. It must have evolved from an ancestral species (like wolves). Therefore, going back far enough in Earth's history, there would have been a time before dogs existed. This aligns perfectly with Darwin's theory.
(C) Although we do not train bears as pets today, we may well in years to come: This is a statement about human culture and behavior, not about biological evolution in the Darwinian sense. It is speculative and not a direct expectation from Darwin's biological principles.
(D) Ancient physics was completely worthless: The passage presents ancient physics as a highly developed system ("apotheosis"), not as worthless. Darwin's work challenged its worldview but didn't invalidate its achievements within its own framework.
(E) Human beings will likely all die in a massive nuclear war: This is a prediction about a future event that has no connection to the principles of biological evolution described in the passage.
Step 3: Final Answer
The only statement that is a direct and logical expectation from the principle of species evolution ("morphing of types") is that any given modern species did not exist for the entirety of Earth's history. Thus, there was a time before dogs existed.
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