Given below are two statements:
Statement (I) : In the Lanthanoids, the formation of Ce+4 is favoured by its noble gas configuration.
Statement (II) : Ce+4 is a strong oxidant reverting to the common +3 state.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Statement (I) : In the Lanthanoids, the formation of Ce+4 is favoured by its noble gas configuration.
Statement (II) : Ce+4 is a strong oxidant reverting to the common +3 state.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
- Both Statement I and Statement II are true
- Statement I is false but Statement II is true
- Statement I is true but Statement II is false
- Both Statement I and Statement II are false
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
\(\text{Ce}^{4+}\) has a noble gas electronic configuration, making Statement (I) true. Due to its high reduction potential, the \(\text{Ce}^{4+}/\text{Ce}^{3+}\) couple acts as a strong oxidizing agent, making Statement (II) true as well.
The correct option is (A) : Both Statement I and Statement II are true
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Concepts Used:
Electronic Configuration of Atoms
Electronic configuration, also called electronic structure, the arrangement of electrons in energy levels around an atomic nucleus. According to the older shell atomic model, electrons occupy several levels from the first shell nearest the nucleus, K, through the seventh shell, Q, farthest from the nucleus. Electrons have to be filled in the s, p, d, f in accordance with the following rule.For example, the electron configuration of sodium is 1s22s22p63s1.
Writing Electron Configurations:
Maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in a shell is based on the principal quantum number (n). It is represented by the formula 2n2, where ‘n’ is the shell number.
Filling of Atomic Orbitals:
1. Aufbau’s principle: The filling of electrons should take place in accordance with the ascending order of energy of orbitals:
- Lower energy orbital should be filled first and higher energy levels.
- The energy of orbital α(p + l) value it two orbitals have same (n + l) value, E α n
- Ascending order of energy 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, . . .
2. Pauli’s exclusion principle: No two electrons can have all the four quantum numbers to be the same or if two electrons have to be placed in an energy state they should be placed with opposite spies.
3. Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity: In the case of filling degenerate (same energy) orbitals, all the degenerate orbitals have to be singly filled first and then only pairing has to happen.