Given below are two statements: one is labeled as Assertion (A) and the other is labeled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Acidic nature follows the order:
Reason (R): F is a better electron-withdrawing group than Cl
In the light of the above statements, write the detailed answer:
Given below are two statements: one is labeled as Assertion (A) and the other is labeled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Acidic nature follows the order:
Reason (R): F is a better electron-withdrawing group than Cl
In the light of the above statements, write the detailed answer:
(A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(A) and (R) both are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(A) is correct but (R) is not correct
(A) is incorrect but (R) is correct
The Correct Option is B
Approach Solution - 1
Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are statements that are often presented together in exams to test the logical thinking and understanding of the student.
In this particular case, assertion (A) states that the acidic nature follows a certain order. However, the assertion does not specify what the order is or what it is based on. Therefore, it is difficult to evaluate the truth of this assertion without additional information.
The reason (R) given for this assertion is that F (Fluorine) is a better electron-withdrawing group than Cl (Chlorine). This statement is true, as fluorine is more electronegative than chlorine and can therefore attract electrons more strongly.
If we assume that the assertion is true and that the order of acidic nature is indeed determined by the electron-withdrawing ability of the substituent, then we can explain why the assertion is correct based on the reason given.
In general, when an electron-withdrawing group is attached to a molecule, it withdraws electron density from the surrounding atoms, making them more positive and therefore more prone to lose a proton (H+). This makes the molecule more acidic.
Therefore, if F is a better electron-withdrawing group than Cl, then a molecule with an F group will be more acidic than a molecule with a Cl group. This explains why assertion (A) is true if we assume that it is based on the electron-withdrawing ability of the substituent.
The correct option is (B): (A) and (R) both are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
Approach Solution -2
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Concepts Used:
Acids and Bases
Acid is any hydrogen-containing substance that is capable of donating a proton (hydrogen ion) to another substance. Base is an ion or molecule capable of accepting a hydrogen ion from acid.
Physical Properties of Acids and Bases
| Physical Properties | ACIDS | BASES |
| Taste | Sour | Bitter |
| Colour on Litmus paper | Turns blue litmus red | Turns red litmus blue |
| Ions produced on dissociation | H+ | OH- |
| pH | <7 (less than 7) | >7 (more than 7) |
| Strong acids | HCl, HNO3, H2SO4 | NaOH, KOH |
| Weak Acids | CH3COOH, H3PO4, H2CO3 | NH4OH |
Chemical Properties of Acids and Bases
| Type of Reaction | Acid | Bases |
| Reaction with Metals | Acid + Metal → Salt + Hydrogen gas (H2) E.g., Zn(s)+ dil. H2SO4 → ZnSO4 (Zinc Sulphate) + H2 | Base + Metal → Salt + Hydrogen gas (H2) E.g., 2NaOH +Zn → Na2ZnO2 (Sodium zincate) + H2 |
| Reaction with hydrogen carbonates (bicarbonate) and carbonates | Metal carbonate/Metal hydrogen carbonate + Acid → Salt + Carbon dioxide + Water E.g., HCl+NaOH → NaCl+ H2O 2. Na2CO3+ 2 HCl(aq) →2NaCl(aq)+ H2O(l) + CO2(g) 3. Na2CO3+ 2H2SO4(aq) →2Na2SO4(aq)+ H2O(l) + CO2(g) 4. NaHCO3+ HCl → NaCl+ H2O+ CO2 | Base+ Carbonate/ bicarbonate → No reaction |
| Neutralisation Reaction | Base + Acid → Salt + Water E.g., NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) | Base + Acid → Salt + Water E.g., CaO+ HCl (l) → CaCl2 (aq)+ H2O (l) |
| Reaction with Oxides | Metal oxide + Acid → Salt + Water E.g., CaO+ HCl (l) → CaCl2 (aq)+ H2O (l) | Non- Metallic oxide + Base → Salt + Water E.g., Ca(OH)2+ CO2 → CaCO3+ H2O |
| Dissolution in Water | Acid gives H+ ions in water. E.g., HCl → H+ + Cl- HCl + H2O → H3O+ + Cl– | Base gives OH- ions in water. |
Read more on Acids, Bases and Salts