Question

Given below are two statements.

• A. Statement-I is true but Statement-II is false.
• B. Statement-I is false but Statement-II is true.
• C. Both Statement-I and Statement-II are true.
• D. Both Statement-I and Statement-II are false.

Hint:

In adiabatic processes, the first law of thermodynamics is simplified to \( \Delta U = w \) since \(q = 0\).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Statement-I: In adiabatic processes, no heat is exchanged (\(q = 0\)). Work done on the system (\(w\)) can change the internal energy (\(\Delta U\)). If work is done on the system, the internal energy increases, which aligns with Statement-I. Hence, Statement-I is true.
Statement-II: During free expansion of an ideal gas (no external pressure), the system does not perform any work (\(w = 0\)), as the gas does not push against any external pressure. Hence, Statement-II is true.