Question:
Genetically engineered bacteria have been successfully used in the commercial production of
Genetically engineered bacteria have been successfully used in the commercial production of
Updated On: Jun 21, 2024
- human insulin
- testosterone
- thyroxine
- melatonin
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Human insulin has 53 amino acids in two polypeptides (A and B) connected by two S-S (disulphide) linkages. In 1983, American company Eli Lilly prepared two DNA sequences corresponding to A and B insulin chains. When introduced in plamids of E.coli, insulin chains were formed. They were extracted and fused to produce humulin (human insulin).
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Concepts Used:
Applications of Biotechnology
Biotechnology is the technology that utilizes biological systems, living organisms, or parts of this to develop or create different products.
For example, brewing and baking bread fall within the concept of biotechnology (use of yeast (= living organism) to produce the desired product).
Agriculture
Alternative to conventional farming: A possible solution is the use of genetically modified crops which is an alternative path to conventional farming.
Medicine
In the area of healthcare, recombinant DNA technological processes have made an immense impact which enables the mass production of safe and more effective therapeutic drugs.
Gene Therapy
A collection of methods that allows the correction of a gene defect that has been diagnosed in a child/embryo is called Gene Therapy.
CRISPR technology
For editing genomes, CRISPR is a simple yet powerful tool which allows researchers to easily alter DNA sequences and modify gene function.