Question:

Function of signal sequences in translation

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  • Signal sequences are short amino acid stretches that act as "zip codes" or "address labels" for proteins.
  • They direct newly synthesized proteins to their correct destinations (e.g., specific organelles, secretion pathway).
  • This process is called protein targeting or protein sorting.
Updated On: Jun 12, 2025
  • Protein modifications
  • Protein targeting to other organelles for further protein synthesis
  • Protein degradation
  • Protein transport to target specific sites for function
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

Signal sequences, alternatively known as targeting signals, play a crucial role in the translation process of protein synthesis in biotechnology. These sequences are specific stretches of amino acids within a newly synthesized protein that direct the protein's transport to particular cellular destinations. Such sequences function by interacting with cellular transport machinery to ensure correct localization. Without these sequences, proteins would remain in the cytoplasm, unable to reach their sites of action, leading to dysfunction.

RoleExplanation
Protein modificationsPost-translational changes to alter protein function, but not directly reliant on signal sequences.
Protein targeting to other organelles for further protein synthesisRelates to sorting and localization, yet typically involves mature proteins, not nascent chain guidance.
Protein degradationConcerns with breakdown processes like ubiquitination, unrelated to signal sequences.
Protein transport to target specific sites for functionThis is the primary function of signal sequences, guiding proteins to the correct cellular compartment or cell membrane for functional deployment.

Hence, the correct understanding is that signal sequences facilitate Protein transport to target specific sites for function. They provide specificity ensuring proteins are located where needed to perform their functions effectively and efficiently.

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