Step 1: Understanding the plane stress states
Each stress state corresponds to a Mohr’s circle representation. We analyze the stress components and match them accordingly:
- Case (P): Pure axial stress with equal normal forces in the horizontal direction corresponds to the Mohr's circle with a center at \(\sigma = 10\) and no shear stress.\
\( \Rightarrow \) Matches with (III)
- Case (Q): Equal biaxial stress in both directions should result in a Mohr’s circle symmetric about the origin with radius equal to the stress magnitude.\
\( \Rightarrow \) Matches with (IV)
- Case (R): Uniaxial stress in the vertical direction with no shear stress corresponds to the Mohr's circle with the center at \(\sigma = 10\) and no shear.\
\( \Rightarrow \) Matches with (I)
- Case (S): Equal biaxial stress in both horizontal and vertical directions results in a Mohr’s circle symmetric about the origin.\
\( \Rightarrow \) Matches with (II)