Question

Explain Valence Bond Theory (VBT) in coordination compounds.

Hint:

VBT explains geometry but cannot predict color or magnetic properties of complexes.

Answer 1

Valence Bond Theory explains bonding in coordination compounds by hybridization of atomic orbitals on the central metal ion:
1. Ligands donate lone pairs to vacant orbitals of the metal ion.
2. Hybrid orbitals form sigma bonds with the ligands.
3. Example: In \( [Ni(CN)_4]^{2-} \), \( Ni^{2+} \) undergoes \( dsp^2 \) hybridization, forming a square planar structure.