Question:

Explain the following concepts: Corruption

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Transparency, strong legal action, and public participation are key to fighting corruption and building a just society.
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Solution and Explanation

Step 1: Definition.
Corruption refers to the misuse of power or position for personal gain. It involves dishonest or unethical behavior by individuals or organizations, especially those in authority, to obtain benefits such as money, favors, or influence.
Step 2: Explanation.
Corruption can take many forms — bribery, embezzlement, nepotism, fraud, or manipulation of public resources. It weakens democratic institutions, hampers economic growth, and erodes public trust in the government.
Step 3: Causes of Corruption.
  • Lack of transparency and accountability in administration.
  • Excessive concentration of power and bureaucratic delays.
  • Low salaries and weak legal enforcement.
  • Greed, moral decline, and misuse of authority.
  • Lack of public awareness and fear of reporting corruption.
Step 4: Measures to Reduce Corruption.
  • Strengthening anti-corruption laws and independent bodies such as the Lokpal and CVC.
  • Promoting transparency through the Right to Information (RTI) Act.
  • Encouraging citizen participation and whistleblower protection.
  • Use of digital governance to reduce human interference in administration.
Step 5: Conclusion.
Corruption is a major obstacle to good governance and social justice. Effective laws, ethical leadership, and public vigilance are essential to eliminate corruption and ensure accountability.
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