GM cotton expresses a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis that produces a toxic protein: The Bt toxin is ingested by bollworms. The toxin binds to receptors in the insect gut, causing cell lysis and death.
Two important characteristics for estimating any population of animals and plants are \(\underline{\hspace{2cm}}\) and \(\underline{\hspace{2cm}}\) of individuals.
Demography is the study of factors that affect \(\underline{\hspace{2cm}}\) and \(\underline{\hspace{2cm}}\) patterns.
