Question

Explain how cyanobacteria can be used as bio-fertilizer.

Hint:

Cyanobacteria improve soil nitrogen content naturally, making them effective and eco-friendly bio-fertilizers, especially in paddy cultivation.

Answer 1

Step 1: Cyanobacteria like \emph{Anabaena}, \emph{Nostoc}, and \emph{Oscillatoria} are free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria found in aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Step 2: These microbes fix atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms, enriching the soil. They are used in rice fields to enhance fertility without the use of chemical fertilizers.