Question

Explain different steps involved in the PCR technique.

Hint:

PCR is essential for applications in forensic analysis, medical diagnostics, and genetic research.

Answer 1

Phases of PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a widely utilized technique in molecular biology for DNA amplification. 
1. Denaturation: DNA strands are separated by heating them to 94-98°C to disrupt the hydrogen bonds. 
2. Annealing: At 50-65°C, primers attach to specific target DNA sequences. 
3. Extension: At 72°C, Taq polymerase extends the primers to synthesize new DNA strands. 
4. Amplification: This process is repeated several times to exponentially multiply the amount of DNA.