Question

Establishing a complete structure of is more complex problem than others.

• A. Polysaccharide
• B. Protein
• C. Nucleic acid
• D. Peptide

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

To determine why establishing a complete structure of polysaccharides is considered more complex than others, we need to understand the structural complexities and challenges associated with different biological macromolecules.

Explanation of Options:

1. Polysaccharide: These are complex carbohydrates composed of long chains of monosaccharide units. The complexity arises due to:
   • Variable Monosaccharide Composition: Polysaccharides can be composed of different types of monosaccharides.
   • Varied Linkages: The glycosidic bond between monosaccharides can vary in both type and position, leading to branching structures.
   • Length and Branching: Polysaccharides can have different lengths and degrees of branching, making structural determination complex.
2. Protein: Proteins are made up of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. While proteins can be complex due to:
   • Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures.
   • Protein folding.
   The sequence of amino acids (primary structure) provides a clear path to understanding the complete structure using methods like X-ray crystallography.
3. Nucleic Acid: Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) have a linear sequence of nucleotides. The primary structure (nucleotide sequence) is generally easier to determine through sequencing techniques than the branched structure of polysaccharides.
4. Peptide: A peptide is a short chain of amino acids. Their structural determination is relatively straightforward compared to that of longer proteins and the highly branched and heterogeneous polysaccharides.

Conclusion: Among the given options, polysaccharides pose the highest complexity for structural determination due to their diverse monosaccharide components, variable linkage patterns, and complex branching structures. Thus, the correct answer is Polysaccharide.

Correct Answer: Polysaccharide