Question:

Endangered plant species are conserved through

Updated On: Jun 21, 2022

herbarium
cryopreservation
gene bank
tissue culture

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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

Gene bank, cryopreservation and tissue culture are ex-situ approaches of biodiversity conservation. In this approach, threatened animals and plants are. taken out from their natural habitat and placed in special setting where they can be protected and given special care. Now gametes of threatened species can be preserved in viable and fertile condition for long periods using cryopreservation techniques, eggs can be fertilised in vitro and plants can be propagated using tissue culture methods. Gene banks maintain stocks of viable seeds (seed banks), frozen germplasm with whole range of genetic variability.

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Concepts Used:

Biodiversity and Conservation

The term ‘biodiversity’ is derived from the two words- ‘bios' which means life and ‘diversity’ i.e, differentiation or variation. Edward Wilson, the sociobiologist was the first to popularise the term ‘biodiversity’ in the year 1992. The term implies the occurrence of various plants and animals along with their variants such as biotypes, ecotypes and genes on earth. In our biosphere, the immense diversity or heterogeneity remains not only at the species level but also, at every level of biological organization that ranges from macromolecules in the cells to biomes.

Biodiversity and Conservation is a topic covered under the fifteenth chapter and Unit 5 of NCERT class 12 biology.