Question

Dipole-dipole weak interactions are also called as:

• A. London forces
• B. Debye inteactions
• C. Electrovalent forces
• D. Keesom forces

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

To determine what dipole-dipole weak interactions are referred to, let's clarify the different types of intermolecular forces listed in the options and eliminate incorrect ones. The aim is to understand these forces and identify which refers to dipole-dipole interactions.

1. London Forces: Also known as dispersion forces, these are weak intermolecular forces arising due to temporary dipoles created due to variations in electron density. They occur in all molecules, but are the only forces present in nonpolar molecules. Thus, they do not specifically refer to dipole-dipole interactions.
2. Debye Interactions: These involve interactions between a permanent dipole and an induced dipole. While they involve dipoles, they are not purely dipole-dipole interactions.
3. Electrovalent Forces: These are forces resulting from ionic (electrovalent) bonding, involving the electrostatic attraction between cations and anions. This is not related to dipole-dipole interactions.
4. Keesom Forces: These are the specific forces between two permanent dipoles, thus accurately describing dipole-dipole interactions.

Upon reviewing the definitions:

The correct answer is "Keesom forces" since they specifically describe interactions between two permanent dipoles, aligning with the description of dipole-dipole weak interactions.