To solve this question, we need to identify the term used for differences in characters within closely related groups of organisms.
1. Understanding the Terms:
- Genes: Genes are units of heredity that carry information for specific traits. They are segments of DNA.
- Variations: Variations refer to differences among individuals within the same species or closely related organisms.
2. Identifying the Correct Answer:
Differences observed in characters among closely related organisms are specifically termed variations.
Final Answer:
Option (B) variations is correct.
If a heterozygous tall plant (Tt) is crossed with a dwarf plant (tt), what will be the phenotypic ratio of the offspring?
In a practical examination, the following pedigree chart was given as a spotter for identification. The students identify the given pedigree chart as 
Identify the taxa that constitute a paraphyletic group in the given phylogenetic tree.