Question

Determine the molarity of Na$_2$CO$_3$ solution with the help of supplied H$_2$SO$_4$ solution by volumetric analysis method.

Hint:

Ensure to carefully monitor the color change with methyl orange indicator for accurate results.

Answer 1

Aim.
To determine the molarity of Na$_2$CO$_3$ solution using H$_2$SO$_4$ solution by volumetric analysis.
Apparatus.
Burette, conical flask, pipette, Bunsen burner, test tube, H$_2$SO$_4$ solution, Na$_2$CO$_3$ solution, methyl orange indicator.
Procedure.
1. Fill the burette with the H$_2$SO$_4$ solution of known molarity.
2. Pipette out a known volume of Na$_2$CO$_3$ solution into the conical flask.
3. Add a few drops of methyl orange indicator.
4. Titrate the H$_2$SO$_4$ solution into the Na$_2$CO$_3$ solution until a color change from yellow to red is observed.
5. Record the volume of H$_2$SO$_4$ used.
Calculation.
Using the equation: \[ M_1V_1 = M_2V_2 \] Where: - \(M_1\) = Molarity of H$_2$SO$_4$ - \(V_1\) = Volume of H$_2$SO$_4$ used - \(M_2\) = Molarity of Na$_2$CO$_3$ (unknown) - \(V_2\) = Volume of Na$_2$CO$_3$ used Since the reaction is 1:1, the equation simplifies to: \[ M_1V_1 = M_2V_2 \]