Question

Describe the cultivation of papaya under the following heads:
a) Selection of soil and preparation
b) Two improved varieties
c) Manure and fertilizer
d) Planting time and distance in between
e) Time of irrigation and method

Hint:

Papaya is sensitive to waterlogging; ensure good drainage and use drip irrigation for water efficiency.

Answer 1

a) Selection of soil and preparation: Well-drained sandy loam or loamy soil with pH 6.0-7.0; avoid waterlogging. Prepare by ploughing twice, incorporating 20-25 tons/ha FYM, and digging pits (60x60x60 cm) filled with topsoil + 20 kg FYM.
b) Two improved varieties: Red Lady (hybrid, high yield, red flesh) and Pusa Dwarf (compact, early bearing, suitable for high density).
c) Manure and fertilizer: Basal: 10 kg FYM/plant. Annual: 400 g N, 250 g P₂O₅, 400 g K₂O per plant in 6 split doses; micronutrients like ZnSO₄ (0.5%) if deficient.
d) Planting time and distance in between: Plant in June-July (rainy season start). Spacing: 2.0 x 2.0 m or 2.5 x 1.8 m for high density (two plants/pit at 30 cm apart).
e) Time of irrigation and method: Irrigate immediately after planting; young plants: 1-2 times/week; mature: every 7-10 days in summer, 10-15 days in winter. Use drip or basin method to avoid water contact with stem.