Question

Define transgenic animals. Explain in detail any four areas where they can be used for human benefit.

Hint:

Transgenic animals play a critical role in studying gene functions and producing valuable biological products. Bioreactors ensure optimum conditions for industrial-scale production.

Answer 1

Transgenic animals are those animals whose DNA has been deliberately altered by introducing a foreign gene. These animals carry and express an extra gene (transgene) from another organism. Four important uses of transgenic animals for human benefit:

(B) Normal physiology and development: To study gene regulation and the effect of genes on normal functions and development.
(C) Disease models: To understand the development and progression of diseases like cancer, cystic fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.
(D) Biological products: Transgenic animals can be used to produce therapeutic proteins such as human insulin or α-1-antitrypsin in their milk.
(E) Vaccine safety testing: Transgenic mice are used for toxicity and safety tests for vaccines.