Question

Define reflex action. With the help of a flow chart show the path of a reflex action such as sneezing.

Answer 1

A reflex action is an automatic, involuntary response to a stimulus that does not involve the conscious part of the brain. Reflex actions are designed to protect the body from harm and enable quick responses. For example, sneezing helps expel irritants from the nasal passages.
Characteristics of Reflex Actions:
• They are rapid and automatic.
• They are protective in nature.
• They bypass the brain, involving only the spinal cord and nerves.
Flow Chart:

Example: Sneezing Reflex: When an irritant like dust or pollen enters the nose, sensory nerves detect the irritant and send a signal to the spinal cord. The motor nerves activate muscles in the diaphragm, causing a sudden forceful expulsion of air, removing the irritant.