Question

Define Projectile and explain the factors affecting the trajectory of a projectile in sports.

Hint:

Improving angle and release speed can significantly enhance performance in throwing and jumping events.

Answer 1

Concept: Projectile motion is widely observed in sports such as basketball, javelin throw, shot put, and football. Understanding projectile motion helps improve performance and accuracy.
Definition of Projectile: A projectile is any object that is thrown, kicked, or projected into the air and moves under the influence of gravity after release.
Trajectory: The curved path followed by a projectile during its motion is called its trajectory (usually parabolic).
Factors Affecting Trajectory of a Projectile:
Angle of Projection: Determines the shape and range of the trajectory. An angle of about \(45^\circ\) gives maximum range on level ground.
Velocity of Projection: Greater initial velocity increases both height and distance covered.
Height of Release: If the projectile is released from a higher point, it travels a longer distance.
Air Resistance: Opposes motion and reduces range and speed.
Spin of the Projectile: Spin creates aerodynamic effects (e.g., Magnus effect), altering the path.
Gravity: Constant downward force that shapes the parabolic path.
Examples in Sports:
Basketball shots
Javelin throw
Long jump take-off
Football kicks