Question

Define photoelectric effect and explain the experimental set-up of the photoelectric effect.

Hint:

In the photoelectric effect, electrons are emitted when the frequency of the incident light surpasses a certain threshold frequency.

Answer 1

The photoelectric effect refers to the emission of electrons from a material (usually a metal) when exposed to light of a sufficiently high frequency. This phenomenon provides evidence for the particle nature of light, as photons transfer energy to electrons. 
Experimental Set-Up:
The experimental setup to observe the photoelectric effect typically includes: 
- A light source (e.g., UV light) with a known frequency. 
- A photosensitive material (metal plate) connected to an electrometer. 
- A variable voltage source to control the stopping potential. 
- A collector to capture the emitted photoelectrons. 
The light is directed onto the metal surface, and the emitted electrons are detected by the electrometer.