Consider the following molecules: Br3O8, F2O, H2S4O6, H2S5O6, and C3O2. Count the number of atoms existing in their zero oxidation state in each molecule. Their sum is____.
Correct Answer: 6
Approach Solution - 1
Structures and Oxidation States:
The first molecule shows a bromine (Br) atom with oxidation states of +6 and +4, and the oxygen atoms (O) have oxidation states of -1. The fluorine (F) atom has an oxidation state of -1.
The second structure features sulfur (S) atoms with oxidation states of +5. The oxygen atoms (O) in the sulfonic acid groups have a zero oxidation state, while the hydrogen atoms (H) are in their usual +1 state.
The third structure has two carbon (C) atoms each in the +2 oxidation state, with oxygen atoms in zero oxidation states.
Summary of Oxidation States:
- In the first structure, atoms of zero oxidation number: 0.
- In the second structure, the sulfur atoms (S) have +5 oxidation states, and oxygen atoms (O) have 0 oxidation states, totaling 2 atoms with zero oxidation states.
- In the third structure, the carbon atoms (C) each have a +2 oxidation state, while the oxygen atoms (O) are in zero oxidation state, giving 4 atoms with zero oxidation states.
Conclusion: The total number of atoms with zero oxidation state is 6. Thus, the total number of atoms with zero oxidation state in the given structures is 6.
Approach Solution -2
The correct answer is 6
Total atom with zero oxidation number state are 6.
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Atom Structure Models
The three atomic models are as follows:
Thomson model:
Thomson atomic model was proposed by William Thomson in the year 1900. This model explained the description of an inner structure of the atom theoretically. It was strongly supported by Sir Joseph Thomson, who had discovered the electron earlier.
Thomson assumed that an electron is two thousand times lighter than a proton and believed that an atom is made up of thousands of electrons. In this atomic structure model, he considered atoms surrounded by a cloud having positive as well as negative charges. The demonstration of the ionization of air by X-ray was also done by him together with Rutherford. They were the first to demonstrate it. Thomson’s model of an atom is similar to a plum pudding.
Rutherford’s Alpha Scattering Experiment:
Rutherford’s conducted an experiment by bombarding a thin sheet of gold with α-particles and then studied the trajectory of these particles after their interaction with the gold foil.
Bohr’s Model of an Atom:
Bohr model of the atom was proposed by Neil Bohr in 1915. It came into existence with the modification of Rutherford’s model of an atom. Rutherford’s model introduced the nuclear model of an atom, in which he explained that a nucleus (positively charged) is surrounded by negatively charged electrons.