Question

By which of the following processes, the organic material present in the solid waste is decomposed?

• A. By oxidation
• B. By the soil particles
• C. By the flow of water
• D. By the action of microorganisms

Hint:

Composting is an example of microbial decomposition of organic waste, converting it into nutrient-rich compost useful for soil.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Organic material in solid waste primarily decomposes through the biological action of microorganisms.
These microorganisms (such as bacteria and fungi) break down complex organic matter into simpler substances like carbon dioxide, water, and humus.
This process is known as biodegradation or decomposition and occurs naturally in composting and landfill environments.
Other options are incorrect:
- Oxidation may play a role but is not the main process for decomposing organic matter.
- Soil particles do not decompose waste; they may only provide support.
- Flow of water does not contribute to decomposition directly.
Thus, the correct answer is By the action of microorganisms.