Question:
Benzene reacts with nitric acid in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid to form
Benzene reacts with nitric acid in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid to form
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The nitration of benzene is a key step in making explosives like TNT (trinitrotoluene).
Updated On: Sep 19, 2025
- Nitrobenzene
- Phenol
- Toluene
- Benzoic acid
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The reaction of benzene with concentrated nitric acid in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid is called nitration of benzene.
H$_2$SO$_4$ acts as a catalyst and generates the nitronium ion (NO$_2^+$).
Benzene reacts with NO$_2^+$ to form nitrobenzene.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
This is an electrophilic substitution reaction. Benzene’s hydrogen atom is replaced by a nitro group (-NO$_2$), giving nitrobenzene as the main product.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The product of the reaction is Nitrobenzene.
The reaction of benzene with concentrated nitric acid in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid is called nitration of benzene.
H$_2$SO$_4$ acts as a catalyst and generates the nitronium ion (NO$_2^+$).
Benzene reacts with NO$_2^+$ to form nitrobenzene.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
This is an electrophilic substitution reaction. Benzene’s hydrogen atom is replaced by a nitro group (-NO$_2$), giving nitrobenzene as the main product.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The product of the reaction is Nitrobenzene.
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