Limitations of electrical impulses: Electrical impulses can only travel along nerve fibers and do not cover large distances within the organism. The speed of electrical impulses is slower than that of chemical signals in some cases, limiting their use for rapid communication over long distances.
Why chemical communication is better: Chemical signals, such as hormones, can travel through the bloodstream and reach various parts of the body, providing a broader and more coordinated form of communication. Chemical communication is slower but can last longer and be more sustained compared to electrical impulses, which are often short-lived.
What is meant by functional group in carbon compounds? Write in tabular form the structural formula and the functional group present in the following compounds:
(a) Ethanol
(b) Ethanoic acid
The rate of solvolysis for the following tertiary halides in 80% aqueous ethanol at 25°C follows the order:
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Loans from Co-operatives
Besides banks, the other major source of cheap credit in rural areas are the co-operative societies. Members of a co-operative pool their resources for co-operation in certain areas. There are several types of co-operatives possible such as farmers co-operatives, weavers co-operatives, industrial workers co-operatives etc. Krishak Co-operative functions in a village not very far away from Sonpur. It has 2300 farmers as members. It accepts deposits from its members. With these deposits as collateral, the co-operative has obtained a large loan from the bank. These funds are used to provide loans to members. Once these loans are repaid, another round of lending can take place. Krishak Co-operative provides loans for the purchase of agricultural equipment, loans for cultivation and agricultural trade, fishery loans, loans for construction of houses and for variety of other expenses.
Read the following source and answer the questions that follow:
The Need for Political Parties
As we have seen, large societies need representative democracy. As societies became large and complex, they also needed some agency to gather different views on various issues and to present these to the government. They needed some ways, to bring various representatives together so that a responsible government could be formed. They needed a mechanism to support or restrain the government, make policies, justify or oppose them. Political parties fulfil these needs that every representative government has. We can say that parties are a necessary condition for a democracy.
Read the following source and answer the questions that follow:
The Independence Day Pledge, 26 January 1930
“We believe that it is the inalienable right of the Indian people, as of any other people, to have freedom and to enjoy the fruits of their toil and have the necessities of life, so that they may have full opportunities of growth. We also believe that if any government deprives people of these rights and oppresses them, the people have a further right to alter it or abolish it. The British Government in India has not only deprived the Indian
people of their freedom but based itself on the exploitation of the masses, and has ruined India economically, politically, culturally and spiritually. We believe, therefore, that India must sever the British connection and attain Purna Swaraj or Complete Independence.”