Question

.............. bacteria are cold loving and have optimal temperature for growth lower than 15°C.

• A. Mesophilic
• B. Thermophilic
• C. Psychrophilic
• D. Acidophilic

Hint:

Psychrophilic bacteria are crucial for maintaining ecological balance in cold environments and are used in industrial applications like low-temperature fermentation.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Psychrophilic bacteria, also known as cold-loving bacteria, are organisms that thrive in cold temperatures. These bacteria have an optimal growth temperature lower than 15°C, and they are typically found in environments like polar ice caps, cold ocean depths, or high-altitude regions.

(1) Psychrophilic Bacteria:
- Psychrophilic bacteria are adapted to cold environments and have enzymes and metabolic pathways that function efficiently at low temperatures.
- They play an important role in ecosystems in cold regions and in biotechnological processes involving low temperatures.

(2) Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
- Mesophilic Bacteria (Option 1) prefer moderate temperatures, typically between 20°C and 45°C, and are not cold-loving.
- Thermophilic Bacteria (Option 2) are heat-loving bacteria, thriving at temperatures above 45°C, which is far above the optimal temperature of psychrophilic bacteria.
- Acidophilic Bacteria (Option 4) are organisms that prefer acidic environments, not cold temperatures.

Conclusion: The bacteria that are cold-loving and have an optimal growth temperature below 15°C are psychrophilic bacteria.