Question

Enumerate the structure of personality with respect to Freud's theory of personality.

Hint:

Remember the key principles on which Id, Ego and Superego work. This is central to Freud's theory of personality.

Answer 1

Freud's Theory of Personality: According to Sigmund Freud, personality is structured into three components: Id, Ego and Superego.
The Id:
Pleasure Principle: The id operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of desires. It is entirely unconscious and the most instinctive part of one’s personality.
Libido and Instincts: It is the source of psychic energy (libido) and encompasses all basic instincts, including life and death instincts.
Example: An infant crying for food or comfort is an example of Id functions.
The Ego:
Reality Principle: The ego operates on the reality principle, balancing the demands of the id with the constraints of the external world.
Executive Function: It is responsible for higher functions, such as logical thought and conscious decision-making.
Example: When you choose to work for your examination instead of going out for an outing, you are exercising your ego.
The Superego:
Morality and Ethics: The superego represents the moral and ethical aspects of personality. It embodies internalized parental and societal standards.
Internalization of Authority: It is formed through the internalization of parental and cultural values and standards and is responsible for feelings like shame and guilt.
Example: A person feeling remorse for cheating on an examination is an example of superego in action.