Hunting and gathering is considered the oldest primary activity, where humans relied on natural resources for sustenance. This activity involved hunting animals and gathering wild plants for food.
Following hunting and gathering, nomadic herding emerged as a primary activity. In this form of subsistence, humans raised livestock such as sheep, goats, and cattle, moving them seasonally to find grazing land.
Primitive subsistence agriculture came next, where early societies began cultivating crops for sustenance. This form of agriculture relied on simple tools and minimal technological advancement, with farmers growing crops in small quantities for personal use.
Extensive commercial grain cultivation, a more advanced form of agriculture, developed later. This type of agriculture involves large-scale cultivation of grains like wheat, maize, and rice, primarily for sale in global markets. It is characterized by the use of advanced technology and significant land areas.
These activities represent the evolution of human interaction with the environment, reflecting changes in technology, society, and economic practices over time.
List-I (Primary Activity) | List-II (Region) |
(A) Nomadic Herding | (I) Tundra Region of Eurasia |
(B) Commercial Livestock Rearing | (II) Australia |
(C) Jhuming | (III) North Western Europe |
(D) Dairy Farming | (IV) North Eastern States of India |