Question:
Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing
dipole moment, toluene (I), m-dichlorobenzene (II),
o-dichlorobenzene (III),p-dichlorobenzene (IV)
Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing
dipole moment, toluene (I), m-dichlorobenzene (II),
o-dichlorobenzene (III),p-dichlorobenzene (IV)
Updated On: Sep 3, 2023
- I < IV < II < III
- IV < I < II < III
- IV < I < III < II
- IV < II < I < III
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
p-dichlorobenzene is non-polar.
The two dipole vectors cancelling each other giving zero
resultant dipole moment, o-dichlorobenzcne has greater
dipole moment than meta isomer.
Toluene is less polar than both ortho and para
dichlorobenzene. Therefore, the increasing order of dipole
moment is
p-dichlorobenzene < toluene < m-dichlorobenzene
< o-dichlorobenzene
The two dipole vectors cancelling each other giving zero
resultant dipole moment, o-dichlorobenzcne has greater
dipole moment than meta isomer.
Toluene is less polar than both ortho and para
dichlorobenzene. Therefore, the increasing order of dipole
moment is
p-dichlorobenzene < toluene < m-dichlorobenzene
< o-dichlorobenzene
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Concepts Used:
Properties of Benzene
Physical Properties:
- Benzene is a colorless liquid with a distinct odor.
- It's highly flammable and volatile.
- It is soluble in organic solvents while insoluble in water.
- Its boiling point is 80.5°C.
- It shows resonance.
Chemical Properties:
- Nitration: Nitration involves the reaction when benzene is reacted with nitric acid in the presence of sulphuric acid. The temperature then remains at 55°C and it results in the formation of nitrobenzene.
- Sulphonation: Benzene reacts with fuming sulphuric acid and results in the formation of benzene sulfonic acid in sulphonation reactions.
- Halogenation: Benzene reacts with halogen in the presence of the Lewis acid resulting in the formation of aryl halide. This reaction is known as halogenation.
- Friedel Crafts Acylation reaction: During the reaction of the benzene with an acyl halide, in presence of Lewis acid, it results in the formation of acyl benzene. This is called Friedel craft’s acylation reaction.
- Friedel Crafts Alkylation reaction: During the reaction of the benzene with an alkyl halide, in presence of Lewis acid like anhydrous Aluminium Chloride, alkyl benzene is formed. This is called Friedel craft’s alkylation reaction.