Question

Analyse the policies adopted by William Bentinck to reform Indian society.

Hint:

Bentinck’s reforms set the stage for future social and educational changes in India during British rule.

Answer 1

William Bentinck, the Governor-General of India from 1828 to 1835, is known for his reformist policies, which aimed at improving the social conditions of Indians. Some of his major policies include:
1. Abolition of Sati: One of the most significant reforms introduced by Bentinck was the legal abolition of Sati (the practice of widows self-immolating on their husbands' funeral pyres) in 1829. This was a major step in modernizing Indian society and protecting women's rights.
2. Promotion of English Education: Bentinck played a key role in promoting Western-style education in India. He supported the establishment of English schools and advocated for the use of English as the medium of instruction, which would later lead to the development of a modern Indian educated class.
3. Support for the Reform Movements: Bentinck was also a supporter of Indian reformers such as Raja Ram Mohan Roy, who advocated for social reforms like the abolition of caste-based discrimination and the promotion of women’s rights.
Thus, William Bentinck's policies were foundational in bringing about social reform, particularly in challenging deeply entrenched social practices like Sati.