Question

Analyse the causes that led to the ruin of Vijayanagara Empire.

Answer 1

The decline of the Vijayanagara Empire, one of South India’s greatest medieval empires, was the result of a combination of internal weaknesses and external challenges.

1. Military Defeat in the Battle of Talikota (1565):

The decisive blow came with the defeat of the Vijayanagara forces at the hands of the combined Deccan Sultanates in the Battle of Talikota. This led to the destruction and plunder of Hampi, the capital city.

2. Weak Successors and Administrative Disruption:

After the battle, the empire lacked strong leadership. The central administration weakened, and provinces began to assert autonomy, leading to fragmentation.

3. Internal Rebellions:

There were repeated internal conflicts among nobles and feudatories. The Amaranayakas, who were military chiefs, often became too powerful and independent, undermining royal authority.

4. Economic Strain:

The prolonged wars and loss of fertile regions reduced agricultural revenue. Trade routes also suffered disruption after Hampi’s destruction.

Conclusion:

Thus, the fall of the Vijayanagara Empire was due to a combination of military defeat, weak governance, internal strife, and economic decline.