Question

Among the following, the method used for removal of temporary hardness of water is

• A. Permutit process
• B. Synthetic resin method
• C. Clark's method
• D. Calgon method

Hint:

To understand temporary and permanent hardness, remember that temporary hardness is removed by boiling or lime treatment, while permanent hardness requires more complex processes like ion exchange.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Temporary hardness of water is primarily caused by the presence of dissolved calcium and magnesium bicarbonates. These can be removed by boiling the water or by using methods like Clark's method. Clark's method involves adding lime (calcium hydroxide) to water to precipitate the calcium bicarbonate as calcium carbonate, which removes the temporary hardness. Other methods like the Permutit process and synthetic resin method are used for permanent hardness, and Calgon method is typically used for softening in industrial applications.