Question

Which of the following disease is commonly caused by water pollution?

• A. Diarrhoea
• B. Conjunctivitis
• C. Respiratory infections
• D. Bronchitis

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Water pollution is a significant environmental issue that can lead to various health problems. Among the diseases listed, diarrhoea is commonly associated with water pollution. Contaminated water often contains pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites which can lead to gastrointestinal infections, the most prevalent being diarrhoea. This condition leads to dehydration and can be particularly dangerous for young children and the elderly. 

In contrast, conjunctivitis, respiratory infections, and bronchitis are not directly linked to water pollution. Conjunctivitis is usually caused by viral or bacterial infections, allergic reactions, or irritants, while respiratory infections and bronchitis are primarily caused by airborne pollutants or infectious agents, not through water.

Disease	Link to Water Pollution
Diarrhoea	Commonly caused
Conjunctivitis	Not commonly caused
Respiratory infections	Not commonly caused
Bronchitis	Not commonly caused

Thus, the correct answer concerning a disease commonly caused by water pollution is diarrhoea.

Answer 2

Diarrhoea is a common and widespread disease often caused by water pollution, which occurs when drinking water becomes contaminated with harmful bacteria, viruses, or parasites. These pathogens can enter water sources through improper waste disposal, industrial runoff, and inadequate sanitation facilities.

When individuals consume contaminated water, the pathogens infect the gastrointestinal system, leading to symptoms like frequent loose stools, dehydration, nausea, and vomiting. If left untreated, diarrhoea can lead to severe dehydration, particularly in children and vulnerable populations, which can be life-threatening.

In many parts of the world, especially in developing countries, access to clean and safe drinking water remains a challenge. Poor sanitation infrastructure and lack of access to modern sewage systems increase the risk of water contamination and the spread of waterborne diseases like diarrhoea.

Preventing diarrhoea involves improving water quality through proper filtration, disinfection, and safe waste management practices. Additionally, promoting hygiene, such as handwashing with soap, and providing access to safe drinking water are essential to reducing the spread of the disease.

Efforts to combat waterborne diseases are vital in the fight to improve public health, reduce child mortality rates, and ensure that communities have access to safe water for drinking, cooking, and sanitation.