Among [Co(CN)4]4−, [Co(CO)3(NO)], XeF4, [PCl4 ]+, [PdCl4 ]2− , [ICl4 ]− , [Cu(CN)4]3− and P4 the total number of species with tetrahedral geometry is _____.
Correct Answer: 3
Approach Solution - 1
Analysis of Tetrahedral Geometry in Compounds
Step 1: Analyze Each Compound to Identify Tetrahedral Geometry
- [Co(CN)₄]⁴⁻: CN is a strong ligand. Due to pairing, it undergoes sp³ hybridization, forming a tetrahedral structure.
- [Co(CO)₃(NO)]: This forms a trigonal planar geometry due to the coordination environment.
- XeF₄: Square planar geometry, not tetrahedral.
- [PCl₄]⁺: Tetrahedral geometry due to sp³ hybridization.
- [PdCl₄]²⁻: Square planar geometry.
- [ICl₄]⁻: Square planar geometry.
- [Cu(CN)₄]³⁻: CN being a strong ligand leads to sp³ hybridization, hence tetrahedral.
- P₄: Tetrahedral geometry due to its molecular structure.
Step 2: Count the Species with Tetrahedral Geometry
Tetrahedral species: [Co(CN)₄]⁴⁻, [PCl₄]⁺, [Cu(CN)₄]³⁻, and P₄.
Step 3: Final Answer
The total number of tetrahedral species is 3.
Approach Solution -2
To solve the problem, we need to determine the geometry of each species listed and count how many have tetrahedral geometry.
1. Analyze each species:
- [Co(CN)4]4−: Coordination number 4, CN⁻ is a strong field ligand, usually leads to square planar or tetrahedral geometry for Co complexes.
Co is typically in +2 or +3 state here, but with CN⁻ (strong field), [Co(CN)4]4− is known to have square planar geometry. - [Co(CO)3(NO)]: Coordination number 4, CO and NO are strong field ligands, tends to be square planar.
- XeF4: Xenon tetrafluoride has 4 bonded atoms and 2 lone pairs, molecular shape is square planar.
- [PCl4]+: Phosphorus with 4 Cl ligands, no lone pairs, typical geometry is tetrahedral.
- [PdCl4]2−: Pd(II) complexes with coordination number 4 and usually square planar geometry.
- [ICl4]−: Iodine with 4 Cl ligands and 2 lone pairs, molecular geometry is square planar.
- [Cu(CN)4]3−: Copper(I) with 4 CN ligands, coordination number 4, usually tetrahedral geometry.
- P4: Elemental phosphorus molecule is tetrahedral.
2. Count species with tetrahedral geometry:
- [PCl4]+
- [Cu(CN)4]3−
- P4
Total = 3 species.
Final Answer:
The total number of species with tetrahedral geometry is \(\boxed{3}\).
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