According to Erving Goffman, _________ refers to an institution where all aspects of a person’s life are regulated by a single authority. Through a process of _________ ceremony, the person shall become secondary and invisible in the overbearing social environment.
Show Hint
- university, graduation
- total institution, degradation
- university, degradation
- total institution, graduation
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Erving Goffman coined the term "total institution" to describe institutions where all aspects of an individual’s life are regulated by a single authority, such as prisons, mental hospitals, or military service. The process of degradation involves stripping an individual of their previous identity and rendering them secondary to the institution.
Step 2: Analyzing the options.
- (A) Incorrect, while universities are institutions, they do not fit the description of total institutions that Goffman provided. Graduation is not a process of degradation.
- (B) Correct, total institutions like prisons and mental hospitals enforce strict control and use degradation rituals to break down a person’s former identity.
- (C) Incorrect, while universities may involve a process of degradation in certain contexts, they do not meet the criteria for a total institution as defined by Goffman.
- (D) Incorrect, this combination is not consistent with Goffman’s concept of total institutions.
Step 3: Conclusion.
Thus, the correct answer is (B) total institution, degradation.
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