Question:

A small uncharged metallic sphere is positioned exactly at a point midway between two equal and opposite point charges. If the sphere is slightly displaced towards the positive charge and released then

Updated On: Apr 13, 2024
  • it will oscillate about its original position
  • it will move further towards the positive charge
  • its electric potential energy will decrease and kinetic energy will increase
  • its total energy remains constant but is non-zero
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

Initially the force on the sphere is equal due to both $-ve$ and $+ ve$ charge. $\therefore$ Net force $=0$ On displacing the sphere towards the $+ve$ charge, force on sphere due to $+ve $ charge will be more than due to the $-ve$ positive charge, because it is nearer. So, sphere will move further to the charge.
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Concepts Used:

Coulomb’s Law

In 1785, french physicist Charles Augustin de Coulomb coined a tangible relationship in mathematical form between two bodies that have been electrically charged. He represented an equation for the force causing the bodies to attract or repel each other which is commonly known as Coulomb’s law or Coulomb’s inverse-square law.

As per Coulomb’s law, the force of attraction or repulsion between two charged bodies is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. It acts along the line joining the two charges regarded to be point charges.

Coulomb’s Law has an abundant application to modern life, from Xerox machines to laser printers, to powder coating.