Question

A six Flip-Flop Serial-In-Serial-Out shift register connected in twisted ring configuration has ________.

• A. 6 states
• B. 12 states
• C. 24 states
• D. 64 states

Hint:

For Johnson counters, total states = \( 2n \), whereas for ring counters, it's just \( n \). Don’t mix them up!

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Twisted Ring Counter: A twisted ring counter (or Johnson counter) uses a shift register where the inverted output of the last flip-flop is fed to the input of the first.
For \( n \) flip-flops, the Johnson counter cycles through \( 2n \) unique states.
Given: \[ n = 6 \Rightarrow \text{States} = 2n = 2 \times 6 = 12 \] Hence, it has 12 unique states.