An amplifier
A rectifier
An oscillator
A modulator
Step 1: Understanding PN Junction Diodes A PN junction diode is a semiconductor device that allows current to flow in one direction (forward bias) while blocking it in the opposite direction (reverse bias). This property makes it useful in rectification, where AC is converted to DC.
Step 2: Function of a Rectifier A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) by allowing current flow in only one direction. PN junction diodes are used in: - Half-wave rectifiers (using a single diode), - Full-wave rectifiers (using multiple diodes in bridge configuration).
Step 3: Evaluating the Given Options - An amplifier (Incorrect): Amplifiers require transistors, not diodes.
- A rectifier (Correct): PN junction diodes are essential components in rectifiers, converting AC to DC.
- An oscillator (Incorrect): Oscillators require feedback circuits with inductors, capacitors, or transistors.
- A modulator (Incorrect): Modulation is performed using transistors and operational amplifiers rather than simple diodes.
Step 4: Conclusion Thus, a PN junction diode is primarily used as a rectifier, which converts AC to DC.
Extrinsic semiconductors are made by doping pure or intrinsic semiconductors with suitable impurity. There are two types of dopants used in doping, Si or Ge, and using them p-type and n-type semiconductors can be obtained. A p-n junction is the basic building block of many semiconductor devices. Two important processes occur during the formation of a p-n junction: diffusion and drift. When such a junction is formed, a ’depletion layer’ is created consisting of immobile ion-cores. This is responsible for a junction potential barrier. The width of a depletion layer and the height of potential barrier changes when a junction is forward-biased or reverse-biased. A semiconductor diode is basically a p-n junction with metallic contacts provided at the ends for application of an external voltage. Using diodes, alternating voltages can be rectified.