Question

A patient presents with a gradual loss of night vision and peripheral vision. What is the most likely diagnosis based on fundoscopy findings? 

• A. Retinitis pigmentosa
• B. Retinal hemorrhage
• C. Diabetic retinopathy
• D. Hypertensive retinopathy

Hint:

In cases of gradual vision loss, especially with night blindness and peripheral vision loss, think of retinitis pigmentosa. Early diagnosis and genetic counseling are key.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

The clinical presentation and fundoscopy findings are highly suggestive of retinitis pigmentosa (RP). RP is a hereditary retinal disorder characterized by a gradual decline in night vision (nyctalopia) and peripheral vision (tunnel vision), both of which are common symptoms of the disease. The fundoscopy image shows typical features of RP, such as bone-spicule pigmentation, a hallmark sign of the condition. The disease progresses slowly, leading to a gradual loss of vision. - Retinal hemorrhage typically presents with sudden vision loss and is often caused by vascular issues, such as diabetic retinopathy or hypertensive retinopathy. - Diabetic retinopathy is characterized by microaneurysms, cotton wool spots, and retinal hemorrhages, but it does not present with the characteristic peripheral vision loss seen in RP. - Hypertensive retinopathy typically shows signs like retinal edema, exudates, and vascular changes but does not cause the specific night and peripheral vision loss seen in RP.