25-year-old man presents for a routine physical examination. The patient is tall and on examination, he was found to have an early diastolic murmur. His family pedigree is given below. Which of the following is the mode of inheritance by which the disease is likely to be transmitted ?
To solve the problem of determining the mode of inheritance for the condition described in the question, we need to analyze key factors related to genetics and inheritance patterns:
Understanding Genetic Terminology: The terms provided correlate to known modes of genetic inheritance:
AD - Autosomal Dominant
AR - Autosomal Recessive
XLR - X-linked Recessive
XLD - X-linked Dominant
Analyzing the Phenotype and Symptoms: The patient is tall and presents an early diastolic murmur, a characteristic often associated with connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, known to be inherited in an Autosomal Dominant (AD) pattern.
Evaluating the Family Pedigree: In an autosomal dominant disorder, typically, there is vertical transmission of the trait, meaning the trait can be seen in multiple generations.
Conclusion Based on Inheritance Pattern: Given the symptoms align with a connective tissue disorder like Marfan syndrome and taking into account the typical vertical transmission pattern as seen in the pedigree, the mode of inheritance is most likely Autosomal Dominant (AD).
