\(\int \frac{\sec^2 x}{\cosec^2 x}dx\)
= \(\int \frac{\frac{1}{\cos^2 x}}{\frac{1}{\sin^2 x}}dx\)
= \(\int \frac{\sin^2 x}{\cos^2 x}dx\)
=\(\int \tan^2 x dx\)
= \(\int (\sec^2 x-1)dx\)
= \(\int \sec^2 xdx - \int 1dx\)
= \(\tan x -x+C\)
Let \( f : (0, \infty) \to \mathbb{R} \) be a twice differentiable function. If for some \( a \neq 0 \), } \[ \int_0^a f(x) \, dx = f(a), \quad f(1) = 1, \quad f(16) = \frac{1}{8}, \quad \text{then } 16 - f^{-1}\left( \frac{1}{16} \right) \text{ is equal to:}\]
The representation of the area of a region under a curve is called to be as integral. The actual value of an integral can be acquired (approximately) by drawing rectangles.
Also, F(x) is known to be a Newton-Leibnitz integral or antiderivative or primitive of a function f(x) on an interval I.
F'(x) = f(x)
For every value of x = I.
Integral calculus helps to resolve two major types of problems: