List of top Biotechnology Questions asked in GATE Biotechnology

Correctly match the Inhibitor with its respective Function in mitochondrial respiration.

Correctly match the Microorganisms with their respective Nutrition and energy requirement.

Which of the following features is/are used to distinguish Archaea from Bacteria?

E. coli cultivated at 298 K uptakes an uncharged compound (A) by passive diffusion. The intracellular and extracellular concentrations of A are 0.001 M and 0.1 M, respectively. If \(R=1.9872\ \mathrm{cal\ mol^{-1}\ K^{-1}}\), the free-energy change (in \(\mathrm{kcal\ mol^{-1}}\)) for this passive diffusion of A (rounded off to two decimal places) is ________________.

E. coli is cultivated in a chemostat operated at a dilution rate of 0.2 h\(^{-1}\). The values of biomass yield due to oxygen consumption and the steady state biomass concentration are 0.2 g g\(^{-1}\) and 10 g L\(^{-1}\), respectively. The oxygen transfer rate (in g L\(^{-1}\) h\(^{-1}\)) is ____________.

A dNTP master-mix is prepared by combining \(40~\mu\text{L}\) of each \(20~\text{mM}\) dNTP stock (dATP, dCTP, dGTP and dTTP). \(4~\mu\text{L}\) of this dNTP master-mix is added to a PCR mix and the final volume is adjusted to \(50~\mu\text{L}\). The concentration (in \(\mu\text{M}\)) of total dNTPs in the PCR mix is ________________.

An evaporator is insulated using glass wool material of \(0.15\ \text{m}\) thickness. The inner most surface and the outer surface of the insulation are at \(700^{\circ}\text{C}\) and \(80^{\circ}\text{C}\), respectively. The mean thermal conductivity of the glass wool under these conditions is \(0.29\ \text{W}\,\text{m}^{-1}\,\text{K}^{-1}\). The rate of heat loss (in W) through \(1.2\ \text{m}^2\) of the evaporator wall surface (rounded off to the nearest integer) is ________________.

A proportional controller is used to control the temperature of an autoclave from \(60^{\circ}C\) to \(130^{\circ}C\). If the proportional band setting of the controller is 25%, the proportional gain value is ______________.

The values of the consistency index ‘\(K\)’ and the flow behavior index ‘\(n\)’ of a dilatant fluid are 0.415 (in CGS units) and 1.23, respectively. The value of the apparent viscosity (in \( g \cdot cm^{-1} \cdot s^{-1} \)) of this fluid at a shear rate of 60 \( s^{-1} \) (rounded off to the nearest integer) is __________________.

If there are three unrooted trees for four protein sequences, the number of rooted trees for the same number of sequences is ________________.

If \(1000\) bp of a double-helical DNA weighs \(1\times10^{-18}\) g and the distance between two bp is \(0.34~\text{nm}\), the total amount of DNA (in mg, rounded to one decimal) required to stretch from Earth to Moon (distance \(=3.74\times10^{5}\) km) is ________________.

The following schematic diagram shows a chemostat with cell recycle (feed flow rate \(F_0\) and recycle flow rate \(F_r\) in \(\mathrm{L\,h^{-1}}\)). The cell concentrations in the reactor, recycle stream, and product stream are \(X_1\), \(X_0\), and \(X\) (in \(\mathrm{g\,L^{-1}}\)), respectively. If \(\dfrac{X_0}{X_1}=1.5\), \(\dfrac{F_r}{F_0}=0.7\), and \(X_1=7.3~\mathrm{g\,L^{-1}}\), the value of \(X\) (in \(\mathrm{g\,L^{-1}}\), rounded off to one decimal place) is ________________.