List of top Fundamentals of Biological Engineering Questions

In a fermentation process, each mole of glucose is converted to biomass (CH$_1.8$O$_0.5$N$_0.2$), with a biomass yield coefficient of 0.4 C-mol/C-mol, according to the unbalanced equation given below. \[ {C}_6{H}_{12}{O}_6 + {NH}_3 + {O}_2 \to {CH}_1.8{O}_0.5{N}_0.2 + {CO}_2 + {H}_2{O} \] The moles of oxygen consumption per mole of glucose consumed during fermentation is _. (Round off to two decimal places)

A hot, freshly-sterilised fermentation medium is cooled in a double-pipe heat-exchanger. The medium enters the inner pipe of the exchanger at 95 $^\circ C$ and leaves the exchanger at 40 $^\circ C$. Cooling water, flowing counter-currently to the medium, enters the annulus of the exchanger at 15 $^\circ C$ and leaves the exchanger at 45 $^\circ C$. The overall heat transfer coefficient is 1350 W m$^{-2}$ °C$^{-1}$. The rate of heat transfer per unit area will be _________ W/m². (Round off to the nearest integer)

For a mechanically reversible isobaric process taking place in a closed system involving 5 moles of an ideal gas, the temperature increases from an initial value of 300 K to a final value of 450 K. If the specific heat capacity at constant volume (Cv) is given as 12.5 J mol$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$ and gas constant is 8.314 J mol$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$, the amount of heat transferred to the system will be _ J. (Round off to the nearest integer)

A hot, freshly-sterilised fermentation medium is cooled in a double-pipe heat-exchanger. The medium enters the inner pipe of the exchanger at 95 $^\circ C$ and leaves the exchanger at 40 $^\circ C$. Cooling water, flowing counter-currently to the medium, enters the annulus of the exchanger at 15 $^\circ C$ and leaves the exchanger at 45 $^\circ C$. The overall heat transfer coefficient is 1350 W m$^{-2}$ °C$^{-1}$. The rate of heat transfer per unit area will be _________ W/m². (Round off to the nearest integer)

In a fermentation process, each mole of glucose is converted to biomass (CH$_1.8$O$_0.5$N$_0.2$), with a biomass yield coefficient of 0.4 C-mol/C-mol, according to the unbalanced equation given below. \[ {C}_6{H}_{12}{O}_6 + {NH}_3 + {O}_2 \to {CH}_1.8{O}_0.5{N}_0.2 + {CO}_2 + {H}_2{O} \] The moles of oxygen consumption per mole of glucose consumed during fermentation is _. (Round off to two decimal places)

For a specific bioreactor configuration, the power requirement for a Rushton-turbine impeller agitating an unaerated Newtonian fluid in the turbulent regime will be

For a mechanically reversible isobaric process taking place in a closed system involving 5 moles of an ideal gas, the temperature increases from an initial value of 300 K to a final value of 450 K. If the specific heat capacity at constant volume (Cv) is given as 12.5 J mol$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$ and gas constant is 8.314 J mol$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$, the amount of heat transferred to the system will be _ J. (Round off to the nearest integer)

Which of the following fluids exhibit(s) non-Newtonian behaviour at 25 °C?

Which one of the following statements is correct about Reynolds Number (NRe) in a stirred tank bioreactor?

Which one of the following statements is correct in the context of thermodynamics?

For a pure species, the slope of the melting line $\dfrac{dP}{dT}$ at $-2^{\circ}$C is $-5.0665\times 10^{6}$ Pa K$^{-1}$. The difference between the molar volumes of the liquid and solid phase at $-2^{\circ}$C is $-4.5\times 10^{-6}$ m$^{3}$ mol$^{-1}$. The value of the latent heat of fusion (rounded off to nearest integer) is _________ J mol$^{-1}$.

Consider a piston–cylinder assembly as shown. The cylinder contains 1 mole of an ideal gas at 300 K, initially held at position $z_1$. After the stopper is removed, the piston rises suddenly against atmospheric pressure ($1.013\times10^{5}$ Pa) to a new position $z_2$. The cylinder walls are insulated. The heat capacity at constant volume $(C_V)$ is 12.5 J mol\textsuperscript{-1 K\textsuperscript{-1}. The cross-sectional area of the cylinder is $10^{-3}$ m\textsuperscript{2}. Assume the piston is weightless and frictionless. If $z_2 - z_1 = 1$ m, the final temperature of the gas (rounded to nearest integer) is _________ K.}

For a double-pipe heat exchanger, the inside and outside heat transfer coefficients are 100 and 200 W m$^{-2}$ K$^{-1}$, respectively. The thickness and thermal conductivity of the thin-walled inner pipe are 1 cm and 10 W m$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$, respectively. The value of the overall heat transfer coefficient is _________ W m$^{-2}$ K$^{-1}$.

The binding free energy of a ligand to its receptor protein is $ -11.5 \, \text{kJ mol}^{-1} $ at 300 K. What is the value of the equilibrium binding constant?

A feed stream $F_1$ containing components A and B is processed in a separation–mixer system as shown. The mole fractions of A and B are $x_A$ and $x_B$. If $F_1 + F_2 = 100\ \text{kg h}^{-1}$, the degrees of freedom of the system is $\underline{\hspace{1cm}}$.

A bacterium produces acetic acid from ethanol as per the following reaction $2 CH_3CH_2OH + 2O_2 \rightarrow 2CH_3COOH + 2H_2O$.
The maximum thermodynamic yield of acetic acid from ethanol in g g$^{-1}$ (rounded to two decimals) is $\underline{\hspace{1cm}}$.

Milk flowing through a stainless steel inner tube (40 mm inner diameter) of a double tube-type heater is heated from 10$^\circ$C to 85$^\circ$C by steam condensing at 120$^\circ$C. Total heat transferred is 146200 kcal h$^{-1}$, and overall heat transfer coefficient is 750 kcal h$^{-1}$ m$^{-2}$ $^\circ$C$^{-1}$. The total length of the heating tube in m (rounded to one decimal place) is $\underline{\hspace{1cm}}$.

Two reactors of volumes 5 L and 10 L contain an ideal gas at 9 atm and 6 atm. When the valve is opened, the final equilibrium pressure (atm) of the system is $\underline{\hspace{1cm}}$.

Under standard temperature (T) and pressure (P) conditions, 128 g of an ideal gas molecule A occupies a volume of 1 L. The gas molecule A obeys the relationship $RT = 0.25PV$. R and V are universal gas constant and ideal gas volume, respectively. The molecule A is: